COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF RICE HUSK AND PALM KERNEL SHELL PROPERTIES FOR SUSTAINABLE BIOENERGY APPLICATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjoest.v7i2.281Keywords:
agricultural waste, rice husk, palm kernel shell, briquettes, proximate analysis, ultimate analysisAbstract
Following the growing global pressure in the need to have a sustainable and affordable energy this has triggered the need to explore biomass residues as renewable feedstocks. Rice husk (RH) and palm kernel shell (PKS) are two common agro-wastes that are promising in their applications as an energy source and a material. In this review, the compositional, proximate, ultimate, and higher heating value (HHV) properties of these are critically assessed based on the recent reports (2018 to 2024). Moderate lignin content, high ash and comparatively low HHV characterize RH, which is suited to combustion and briquetting but ash treatment is an issue. On the other hand, PKS has greater lignin and HHV, less ash, and more desirable carbon content that makes it a better feedstock to thermochemical conversion pathways, including pyrolysis, gasification, and activated carbon generation. What is novel in this review is a direct comparative evaluation of RH and PKS with systematically harmonized data, with a discussion of their implications to the development of advanced energy systems and carbon materials. It is suggested that hybrid briquettes, carbon-based electrode materials of PKS and RH mixtures, and AI-guided conversion pathway optimization be the focus of future research.
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